Contents of the book

Preface

1
      1.1
    1.2
    1.3

Some Parallels
The Era of Direct Current
Modulation Methods
Deflection Coils

1
1
2
2

2
    2.1
    2.2
    2.3

Second-Order Systems
Characteristic Frequency and Q Factor
Response Types
Resonance Networks

4
5
9
13

3
    3.1
      3.2
    3.3
      3.4
    3.5
    3.6
      3.7
      3.8
    3.9
    3.10

Operation of the Electro-Dynamic Transducer
Magnetic Force Effects
Motional Equations under Current-Drive
Effect of Motional EMF
Inductive EMF
Total Impedance
Motional Equations under Voltage Drive
The Origin of Sound
Directivity and Horn Effect
Power Consumption
Microphone EMF

19
19
23
27
32
35
37
40
46
49
52

4
    4.1
      4.2
    4.3
      4.4
    4.5
    4.6
      4.7
      4.8
    4.9
    4.10

The Crucial Significance of the Driving Method
Circulation of the Electromotive Forces
Microphone Feedback
Outward Microphone Coupling
Feedback of Mechanical Disturbances
Phase Modulation
Inductance Modulation
Inductance Nonlinearity
Resistance Variations
Circuit Element Nonlinearities
Drive at Low Frequencies

55
56
57
63
67
72
74
78
82
84
86

5
    5.1
      5.2
    5.3
      5.4
    5.5
    5.6
      5.7

The Principles of Current-Drive
Thévenin and Norton Equivalents
Evaluation of the Driving Mode
Effect of Sensitivity Parameters
Multiway Systems
Suitability of Drive Units
Microphones and Phono Cartridges
The Secret of Tube Amplifiers

89
89
93
95
97
102
107
111

6
    6.1
      6.2
    6.3

Compensation of the Rising Response
RCL Equalization
Dual Coil Equalization
Equalization Using Two Drivers

113
113
119
125

7
    7.1
      7.2
    7.3
      7.4
    7.5
    7.6
      7.7

Modelling and Simulation
Low-Frequency Modelling
Generalization of the Analogy
Modelling of Voice Coil Inductance
Dual Coil Drivers
Two Drivers in the Same Space
Filter Coils
Operational Amplifiers

127
128
132
135
138
139
141
144

8
    8.1
      8.2
    8.3
      8.4
    8.5
    8.6
      8.7
      8.8
      8.9

Resonance Compensation
Passive Equalization
Voltage Divider Equalizer
Pole Shifting
The Linkwitz Equalizer
Equalizer with Active Feedback
Equalizer with RCL Feedback
Double-Integrator Method
Adjustable Equalizer with Fixed Poles
Adjustable Equalizer with Tracking Poles

146
146
148
153
155
157
161
166
169
172

9
    9.1
      9.2
    9.3
      9.4

Resonance Variations
Current-Dependence
Temperature Dependence
"Burn-in"
UV Sensitivity

175
176
178
179
181

10
    10.1
      10.2
    10.3
      10.4
    10.5
    10.6
      10.7
      10.8
      10.9

Amplifier Realizations
The Series Resistor Method
Current-Feedback
Stability
Ground-Connecting the Load
Using One-Sided Power Supply
Bridge Connection
The Modified Howland Transconductor
A Do-It-Yourself Project
Using Headphones

183
183
184
189
190
191
193
194
197
206

11
    11.1
      11.2
    11.3
      11.4
    11.5
    11.6

Speaker Realizations
Principles of Enclosing
Damping Materials
Usage of Electrolytic Capacitors
Project CS-12
Project CS-8
A Minimum-Phase Active Filter

208
208
212
214
217
230
237

12
    12.1
      12.2
    12.3
      12.4

Protections
Amplifier Protection
Speaker Protection
Voice Coil Temperature Indication
Overexcursion Indication

242
242
243
248
249

13
    13.1
      13.2
    13.3
      13.4
    13.5
    13.6

Measurement Techniques
Resonance Parameter Extraction
EMF Extractor
Capacitance Measurement
Inductance Measurement
Lossless Current Meter
Coil Loss Measurement

252
252
254
260
262
264
266

14
    14.1
      14.2
    14.3
      14.4
    14.5
    14.6

Myths and Attitudes
The Whole Picture of Electrical Damping
Slew Rate Distortion
The Plague of Compression
What RMS Power?
The Real Meaning of Group Delay
Music Counts

268
268
271
273
277
278
280

APPENDIXES

Introduction to Complex Numbers

285

B
    B1
      B2
    B3
      B4
    B5
    B6
      B7
      B8

Properties of Linear Systems
Definitions
Differentiators and Integrators
Time Domain Representation
Frequency Response
Transfer Functions
Poles and Zeroes
Minimum-Phase Systems
Phase Linearity

290
291
294
298
304
308
311
315
318

C
    C1
      C2
    C3
      C4
    C5

Frequency Content of Signals
Periodic Signals
One-Time Signals
Continuous-Nature Signals
The Relationship between Time and Frequency Domains
About Test Signals

320
320
323
326
330
333

Solving of Homogenous Differential Equations

338

Decibel Scale

339

Amplifier Artwork

340

Power Supply Artwork

341

EMF Extractor Artwork

342